A crime reduction strategy in Richmond, Virginia implemented to deter former and would-be offenders from carrying and using firearms, with an overall goal of reducing firearm-related homicides. The project is rated Promising. Firearm-related homicides decreased significantly in the target area, compared with other U.S. cities where the program was not implemented.
Program Description
Program Goals
Project Exile was a crime reduction strategy launched in 1997 in Virginia, by the U.S. Attorney’s Office, as a result of the spike in violent crime rates in the late 1980s and early 1990s. During these years, Richmond, Virginia consistently ranked among the top 10 U.S. cities in homicides per capita. Specifically, in 1994, Richmond was ranked 2nd for homicides per capita, with a homicide rate of 80 per 100,000 residents. Overall, the goal of the project was to deter felons from carrying firearms and decrease firearm-related homicides through both sentence enhancements for firearm-related offenses and incapacitating violent felons (Rosenfeld, Fornango, and Baumer 2005).
Program Activities
Essentially functioning as a sentence enhancement program, Project Exile targeted felons who were caught carrying firearms (i.e., felon-in-possession-of-a-firearm [FIP]) and prosecuted them in federal courts where they received harsher sentences, no option of bail, and no potential for early release. Prior to Project Exile, FIP cases could be processed in state courts. Through increasing the expected penalty for firearm-related offenses, Project Exile sought to deter both firearm carrying and criminal use. Additionally, through sentencing more violent offenders to longer prison sentences, the program sought to reduce crime through incapacitating violent felons (Rosenfeld, Fornango, and Baumer 2005; Arends 2013).
In addition to incapacitating offenders, the program sought to deter would-be offenders. To make the public aware of the sentence enhancements surrounding firearms, a broad “outreach” campaign was implemented using media outlets. The public campaign was implemented to increase community involvement and to send a message of zero-tolerance for firearm offenses. The goal of the message was to indicate a “swift and certain” federal penalty for firearm offenses. Advertised in both electronic and print media outlets, the campaign was featured on city buses and business cards displaying a specific message: “an illegal gun will get you five years in federal prison” (Rosenfeld, Fornango, and Baumer 2005).
Program Theory
Project Exile has roots in both deterrence and incapacitation. Deterrence theory posits that crimes can be prevented when the costs of committing the crime are perceived by the offender to outweigh the benefits of committing the crime (Braga et al. 2001). For deterrence to obtain the maximum result (i.e., to deter the most criminal behaviors), the punishment should be swift, certain, and severe.
Incapacitation is a punishment strategy that focuses on the prevention of crime by temporary or permanent physical removal of the offender from society. It is believed that removing offenders from the population will limit their opportunities for committing crime, therefore potentially reducing crime rates (Raphael and Ludwig 2003).
Evaluation Outcomes
Study 1
Firearm Homicide Rates, Project Exile
Rosenfeld and colleagues (2005) found a statistically significant intervention effect for Project Exile. Firearm homicides in Richmond exhibited a 22 percent yearly decline, compared with the average reduction of about 10 percent per year for other large U.S. cities. The difference is statistically significant.
Bummer. Never buy a musical instrument that you haven't actually played.
Those things look so freaky. The first time I saw one, I thought I was having a stroke or something. Almost made me dizzy!
Stay strong. Good hunting.
Guitar Center has a deal that if you buy something they have online, try it and don’t like it you can return it to a local store within a certain amount of time.
Also thinking of getting at least an eight stringer. Don’t really want an extra string on the low end like you get with a seven.
WE DON'T NEED A QB BEFORE WE GET A LINE THAT CAN PROTECT HIM my two cents...
I actually really like Colin Noir. There's not too many minority gun owners with a platform and he always makes very solid points. I'm actually very pro 2nd amendment, probably the most liberating view on this forum. I think Zizek explains the gun violence problem very well.
I actually really like Colin Noir. There's not too many minority gun owners with a platform and he always makes very solid points. I'm actually very pro 2nd amendment, probably the most liberating view on this forum. I think Zizek explains the gun violence problem very well.
Quote:
Originally Posted By: CHSDawg Russian bots loved linking to youtube videos.
Meanwhile....Florida school asks student without bra to cover up nipples.
BRADENTON, Fla. (AP) — A Florida high-school student who didn't wear a bra one day this week says school administrators told her to cover her nipples because they were distracting her classmates.
The Bradenton Herald reported Friday that 17-year-old Lizzy Martinez decided not to wear a bra under her gray long-sleeve shirt on Monday, and school officials in Bradenton felt she became a target of other students' stares. The school is on Florida's Gulf Coast.
Martinez says the humiliation began when School Dean Violeta Velazquez called her into the office. Martinez felt like she was being bullied by fellow students, but Velazquez said there was a distraction that needed to be addressed.
"She told me that I needed to put a shirt on under my long-sleeve shirt to try to tighten my breasts — to constrict them," Martinez told the paper. "And then she asked me to move around."
Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Apparently the second shirt was not enough, Martinez said, because she was then sent to the nurse's office. The nurse handed Martinez four bandages, two to cover each nipple, leaving her in tears.
lol he's Slovenian and teaches at a German university? This Russian thing is nothing but nonsense. Also, is this how you have an open dialogue with someone? It's also from a famous NPR show, it's not exactly a youtube video despite it being on the platform. If youtube didn't exist, where would diamond, silk and colion noir be?
Meanwhile....Florida school asks student without bra to cover up nipples.
BRADENTON, Fla. (AP) — A Florida high-school student who didn't wear a bra one day this week says school administrators told her to cover her nipples because they were distracting her classmates.
The Bradenton Herald reported Friday that 17-year-old Lizzy Martinez decided not to wear a bra under her gray long-sleeve shirt on Monday, and school officials in Bradenton felt she became a target of other students' stares. The school is on Florida's Gulf Coast.
Martinez says the humiliation began when School Dean Violeta Velazquez called her into the office. Martinez felt like she was being bullied by fellow students, but Velazquez said there was a distraction that needed to be addressed.
"She told me that I needed to put a shirt on under my long-sleeve shirt to try to tighten my breasts — to constrict them," Martinez told the paper. "And then she asked me to move around."
Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Apparently the second shirt was not enough, Martinez said, because she was then sent to the nurse's office. The nurse handed Martinez four bandages, two to cover each nipple, leaving her in tears.
lol he's Slovenian and teaches at a German university? This Russian thing is nothing but nonsense. Also, is this how you have an open dialogue with someone? It's also from a famous NPR show, it's not exactly a youtube video despite it being on the platform. If youtube didn't exist, where would diamond, silk and colion noir be?
lol he's Slovenian and teaches at a German university? This Russian thing is nothing but nonsense. Also, is this how you have an open dialogue with someone? It's also from a famous NPR show, it's not exactly a youtube video despite it being on the platform. If youtube didn't exist, where would diamond, silk and colion noir be?
You made the...
Originally Posted By: CHSDawg
Russian bots loved linking to youtube videos.
..statement.
that I did and you applied it to this situation. This is my mistake. I was trying to speak Vambo's language, videos, thinking it would create some sort of dialogue. However one cannot communicate with a Russian troll bot. What was I thinking?
lol he's Slovenian and teaches at a German university? This Russian thing is nothing but nonsense. Also, is this how you have an open dialogue with someone? It's also from a famous NPR show, it's not exactly a youtube video despite it being on the platform. If youtube didn't exist, where would diamond, silk and colion noir be?
You made the...
Originally Posted By: CHSDawg
Russian bots loved linking to youtube videos.
..statement.
that I did and you applied it to this situation. This is my mistake. I was trying to speak Vambo's language, videos, thinking it would create some sort of dialogue. However one cannot communicate with a Russian troll bot. What was I thinking?
Meanwhile....Florida school asks student without bra to cover up nipples.
BRADENTON, Fla. (AP) — A Florida high-school student who didn't wear a bra one day this week says school administrators told her to cover her nipples because they were distracting her classmates.
The Bradenton Herald reported Friday that 17-year-old Lizzy Martinez decided not to wear a bra under her gray long-sleeve shirt on Monday, and school officials in Bradenton felt she became a target of other students' stares. The school is on Florida's Gulf Coast.
Martinez says the humiliation began when School Dean Violeta Velazquez called her into the office. Martinez felt like she was being bullied by fellow students, but Velazquez said there was a distraction that needed to be addressed.
"She told me that I needed to put a shirt on under my long-sleeve shirt to try to tighten my breasts — to constrict them," Martinez told the paper. "And then she asked me to move around."
Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Apparently the second shirt was not enough, Martinez said, because she was then sent to the nurse's office. The nurse handed Martinez four bandages, two to cover each nipple, leaving her in tears.
They should not have humiliated her. They should have just sent her home to dress appropriately or had her parents bring her proper clothing. When I was growing up if you didn't want to be made fun of you would learn real fast why you dress appropriately because the horde of mean vicious jokes would last for years if you didn't. Sounds like the drummer still beats to the same step lol.
Live and learn I always say =)
You can't fix stupid but you can destroy ignorance. When you destroy ignorance you remove the justifications for evil. If you want to destroy evil then educate our people. Hate is a tool of the stupid to deal with what they can't understand.
Meanwhile....Florida school asks student without bra to cover up nipples.
BRADENTON, Fla. (AP) — A Florida high-school student who didn't wear a bra one day this week says school administrators told her to cover her nipples because they were distracting her classmates.
The Bradenton Herald reported Friday that 17-year-old Lizzy Martinez decided not to wear a bra under her gray long-sleeve shirt on Monday, and school officials in Bradenton felt she became a target of other students' stares. The school is on Florida's Gulf Coast.
Martinez says the humiliation began when School Dean Violeta Velazquez called her into the office. Martinez felt like she was being bullied by fellow students, but Velazquez said there was a distraction that needed to be addressed.
"She told me that I needed to put a shirt on under my long-sleeve shirt to try to tighten my breasts — to constrict them," Martinez told the paper. "And then she asked me to move around."
Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Lizzy Martinez took a selfie of the shirt she was wearing when she got in trouble at school. Apparently the second shirt was not enough, Martinez said, because she was then sent to the nurse's office. The nurse handed Martinez four bandages, two to cover each nipple, leaving her in tears.
They should not have humiliated her. They should have just sent her home to dress appropriately or had her parents bring her proper clothing. When I was growing up if you didn't want to be made fun of you would learn real fast why you dress appropriately because the horde of mean vicious jokes would last for years if you didn't. Sounds like the drummer still beats to the same step lol.
Live and learn I always say =)
I see both sides to this, my wife was talking about it last night.
1. I can understand the school wanting her to "cover up" 2. I think the school acted COMPLETELY Inappropriate in its handling of it though - making her jump up and down? I would sue the school for harassment - she may have a case.
I want to post this in Clem's Sinclair thread, but did anyone see where a Sinclair columnist got fired for saying he wanted to violently rape David Hogg?
I want to post this in Clem's Sinclair thread, but did anyone see where a Sinclair columnist got fired for saying he wanted to violently rape David Hogg?
you clearly missed an entire convo about that in the other thread.
“To announce that there must be no criticism of the President, or that we are to stand by the President, right or wrong, is not only unpatriotic and servile, but is morally treasonable to the American public.”
I want to post this in Clem's Sinclair thread, but did anyone see where a Sinclair columnist got fired for saying he wanted to violently rape David Hogg?
you clearly missed an entire convo about that in the other thread.
Figured I did, that's why I asked.
I've never seen anything like this before. There's partisan hackery, and always will be. But "Breitbart told me to spank and rape this kid" is a whole weird level I've never seen before.
